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Operators in C Language

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Observe the given expression y = x + 5. In the above given expression +, = are the operators and x, y, 5 are called operands / argument. Types of operator According to the required argument the operator can be classified into 3 categories: unary operator: require only one argument. example(-5) binary operator: require two argument. example(5+8) ternary operator: require 3 argument. example(?:) According to the purpose operator are again classified into 8 types: Arithmetic operator Unary operator Assignment operator Relational operator Logical operator Bitwise operator Conditional operator(ternary operator) Comma operator Arithmetic operator +,-,*,/,%(mod) are called the arithmetic operator. The +,-,* are same as you learn in mathematical Arithmetic. To more understand take an example. 5 + 3 * 4 In the above given expression, which operator should be evaluates first? As in mathematics you learn the rule of BODMAS,which tells first brackets should be ev
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Character Set

The allowed set of characters is called the character set. C character set consist of the following character. Alphabets A-Z , a-z Digits 0 - 9 White Spaces Spaces, tabs, newlines etc. Special Symbols +, -, *, /, %, _,; and many more discussed as needed. Previous Back to C Programming index Next
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Steps of learning C Programming

Steps of learning English Alphabets => Words => Sentence => Paragraph Steps of learning C language Character Set => Keywords/ Constant/ Variable => Instruction => Program Previous Back to C Programming index Next
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Types of programming languages

Computer programming language can be classfied into two broad categories as follows: Machine oriented Langauge Binary Language/Machine Language Assembly Language Problem Oriented Language Machine Oriented Language In the machine oriented langauage the programm is written in the form in which machine can understand.Machine language are also known as low level language. These language provides the better machine efficiency and fast execution of the program. Machine oriented language again classified into two categories as follows: Binary Language/Machine Language As the name suggests in the binary language only two entity 0/1 (zero/one) are allowed. Where 0 and 1 can be understood in many ways by the computer. As a computer is a digital machine consists of billions of transistors which can be thought like an electronic switch and have two states on/off. The 0 represent the off or false whereas 1 represent the on/true. Assembly Language Becau
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Why C language used

Influences C Programming Language The question is very simple before learning the C. That is why we learn C? C is very simple, small and fast. C is a programming language which has only 32 words with them you can build your own programming code. Compare to other programming languages the c program executes very fast. The most popular languages derived from C Programming such as C++, Java, C#(C sharp), PHP, Objective-C, Go lang, Python and many more. So if you want to learn those languages the C provide the basic foundation. The most popular operating systems such as Windows, Unix, Linux build with C. So sometimes people say that C is very old and now it is not used. Then I have to say, it is not the truth. Gaming environments are also written in C. More correctly we can say it has an indirect relationship with C. C programming offers better interaction with hardware. Previous Back to C Programming index Next
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Printing in C programming

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Printing in C In C for printing purpose, We Use A Function Called printf( ) . A function is a small program used to perform a specific task. The function receives some input known as an argument and produces some output called return value. Functions are always suffixed with parenthesis ( ). Syntax of printf( ) printf("Control String",[List or Variable]); Note: Control string is a sequence of characters which you want to print. ([ ]) square brackets around the list or variable represent that it is optimal. Example Of printf( ) printf("hello"); //Print hello int a=5,b=6; printf("a=%d b=%d",a,b); //print the value of a and b. int a=5,b=6; //Varialbe Declaration printf("%d",a+b); //Print 11. Note: In printf( ) expression can be written .The example is given above. The first program, Say Hello World in C programming /*program to print the "Hello world"*/ #include<stdio.h> int main() { printf(
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History of C programming language

History of C C is a general-purpose programming language initially developed by the  Dennis Ritchie  between 1969 to 1973 at AT & T (American Telegraph and telecommunication) Bell Labs. It is named  C  because its features are derived from the earlier language called  B  which is developed by the  Ken Thomson . According to Ken Thomson  B  was the stripped-down version of BCPL (Basic combined programming Language). The origin of c is closely tied up with the Unix operating system development. In 1973 with the addition of  struct  type the c becomes powerful enough that the Unix operating system was designed in C. This was one of the first operating system kernels implemented in a language other than assembly. In 1978, Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie published the first edition of  The C Programming Language. This book, known to C programmers as "K&R", served for many years as an informal specification of the language. The vers
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String in golang

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Strings are sequence of characters with definite length and can be created by enclosing in double quotes "Hello Go" and back ticks `Hello Go`.  A string is a sequence of characters. Strings are the collection of individual bytes, where each character occupy single byte. Characters out of the ASCII characters (can say characters from other languages) occupy more than one byte. A string can be created by enclosing in double quotes "Hello Go" or backticks `Hello Go`. The difference between double quotes and backticks is that double quotes allow escape sequences like \n (newline) and \t (tab) and parses them but backticks don't. Example-1: package main import "fmt" func main( ) {         fmt.Println(len("Hello Go"))         fmt.Println("Hello Go"[1])         fmt.Println("Hello"+" "+"Go") } Output:  8 101 Hello Go   Output Explained: fmt.Println(len("Hello Go"))
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Inline V/S Block Level Element

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What is Element? An element is the combination of opening tag, closing tag and text between the opening and closing tag. The following figure helps you to understand, what is an element? Element in Html Types of Element in HTML Block level elements Inline elements Block level Element Block Level elements are those which always starts from a new line. Examples of block level elements All Headings (h1,  h2,  h3,  h4, h5, h6) Paragraphs Lists Inline Element Inline elements are those, which don’t change the line automatically. Examples of inline element Bold (<b>Bold</b>) Italic (<i>Italic</i>)  Underline (<i>Underline</i>) Links (<a>Links</a>) Watch the video
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Floating point Data types in Go lang

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As we have discussed, In our previous article Data types in go lang , In Go lang Numbers can be categorized into two broad categories. Integral Numbers Floating point Numbers We have already discussed integral numbers In this article we will discuss all floating point numbers. Floating point Numbers Floating point numbers are those which contains decimal places, for example (2.34 , -90.435 , 0.00007) Rules for floating point numbers  Floating point number can contain decimal places, For example (0.006, 2.45) Can be +ve and -ve. Floating point number can be written in two formats Fixed format , example (0.007) Exponent format , example (0.7 E -4) 0.7 E -4 is equivalent to 0.7 * 10 <sup>-4</sup> In 0.7 E -4, 0.7 (part before e) is called mantissa and -4 (part after E) is called exponent. Exponent format is used when a number is too large or too small to represent in decimal places. Floating point number can be of 32bits or 64bits in size in g
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Escape Sequence | Formatted Printing | Interview Questions

Escape sequence Escape sequence are some non-printable character that shows the effect while printing the output. The usage and example of escape sequence are given below. These are the combination of two characters backslash(\) and one more character but treated as a single character occupy only one byte as other characters. Escape Sequence Character Meaning Usage \a Bell alert Used to make a sound. \b backspace Used to move the cursor to the one character back. \n newline Used to change the line \r Carriage Return Used to move the cursor to the beginning of the current line. \" Double Quotes Used to print the double quotes \' Single Quotes Used to print the single quotes \f Form feed Used to change the page \t tab Used to print the tab Program to demonstrate the use of escape sequence #include<s
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Sum of two numbers

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C Programming #include<stdio.h> int main() { int a,b,sum; printf("Enter any two numbers: "); scanf("%d%d",&a,&b); sum = a + b; printf("Total = %d",sum); return 0; } C++ Programming #include<iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int a,b; cout << "Enter any two numbers: "; cin >> a >> b; int sum = a + b; cout<<"Total = "<<sum; return 0; } Java import java.util.Scanner; class Sum { public static void main(String args[]) { int a,b; Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.print("Enter any two numbers: "); a = sc.nextInt(); b = sc.nextInt(); int sum = a + b; System.out.print("Total = "+sum); } } Go Lang
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Operators in C Language| Part-4

Unary operators Unary operator are those which only require one operand(argument) to operate. + , - , ++, --, typecast and sizeof are some unary operators in C programming. +5, -5 are the example of +,- unary operators. which represents +ve and -ve values. Unary operators have high priority than binary operators, so unary operators are always evalutes first. Increment / Decrement operator ++, -- are called increment and decrement operators. Increment and decrement operators are available in two versions Prefix Postfix Difference b/w prefix and postfix Prefix Postfix int a = 5; ++a; printf("%d",a); // 6 int a = 5; a++; printf("%d",a); // 6 int a = 5,b; b = ++a; printf("%d %d",a,b);// 6 6 int a = 5,b; b = a++; printf("%d %d",a,b);//6 5 Example of increment and decrement operators Example-1: int a = 3, b = 4,c; c = ++a * ++b; printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c); /
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Printing in C programming

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Printing in C In C for printing purpose, We Use A Function Called printf( ) . A function is a small program used to perform a specific task. The function receives some input known as an argument and produces some output called return value. Functions are always suffixed with parenthesis ( ). Syntax of printf( ) printf("Control String",[List or Variable]); Note: Control string is a sequence of characters which you want to print. ([ ]) square brackets around the list or variable represent that it is optimal. Example Of printf( ) printf("hello"); //Print hello int a=5,b=6; printf("a=%d b=%d",a,b); //print the value of a and b. int a=5,b=6; //Varialbe Declaration printf("%d",a+b); //Print 11. Note: In printf( ) expression can be written .The example is given above. The first program, Say Hello World in C programming /*program to print the "Hello world"*/ #include<stdio.h> int main() { printf(
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Arrays in C Language

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Suppose you want to store the 10 numbers. The one choice is to create a 10 different variable but it is difficult when number of variable are increases. So the next solution that is more feasible is array. An array is the collection of various similar type elements stored in contiguous memory locations. All the array elements share the common name. To uniquely identify each element an index or subscript is associated with the element. so the array is also known as subscript variable . In the given figure arrangement of array elements are shown. The address of the first element is 100. If the given array is of type integer and integer occupies 2 bytes then the next element in the array has address 102,104 etc as given in the figure. How to access array elements using subscript operator it is also shown in the given figure. Array index always start with 0. To access array element subscript operator is used.[] is called subscript operator.a[0] read a of 0 or 0th element of a C
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Program to check a year is leap year or not.

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Problem Description If a year is divisible by 4, then it is called leap year. But all the centuries are divisible by 4, so to check a century is a leap year or not, we check divisibility by 400 of a year. If a century is divisible by 400 then the century is called leap year otherwise not. Basic Logic Snippets (In C) if(year % 100 == 0) { if (year % 400 == 0) { printf("%d is a leap year",year); } else { printf("%d is not a leap year",year); } }else { if(year % 4 == 0) { printf("%d is a leap year",year); } else { printf("%d is not a leap year",year); } } Output Test-1 Enter any year: 1996 1996 is a leap year Test-2 Enter any year: 1600 1600 is a leap year Test-3 Enter any year: 1800 1800 is not a leap year Improved your logic Note: Generate wrong output in some cases, but helpful to understand upcoming logic if(year % 100 == 0 && year % 400 ==0 || year % 4 == 0) { printf("%d is a leap year
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Data types in Java

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What is Data type In Java every variable have some type.  For example in the code snippet below x should be int and b should be boolean type variable. x = 10; b = true; Similarly in Java every expression also have some type. For example in the following code snippet if a + b + c would result int type result because a, b and c are int type variables. int a, b, c, d; a = 1; b = 1; c = 1; d  = a + b + c; Strictly type checking  In Java, each type is strictly defined means byte have range from -128 to 127, so value out of from this range is not acceptable by byte type. Each assignment is strictly checked for type compatibility. Due to above two reason java is called strongly type checked language.   Primitive Data Types 8 Primitive Data types in Java Signed / Unsigned Data types Examples int a = 10;  ( ✓ ) int a = -10;  ( ✓ ) float x = -5.8;  ( ✓ ) char ch = -'a';  (✕) boolean b = -true;  (✕) boolean b = true;  ( ✓ ) Except boolean and
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